Biological hazards refer to biological agents, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, toxins, and other microorganisms that can cause illness, injury, or death in humans, animals, or plants. Specialized skills in identifying, assessing, and managing biological hazards are needed to effectively prevent or mitigate the risks associated with them. This includes knowledge of the biology and behavior of different agents, potential exposure routes, and appropriate control measures. Biological hazards can be found in various settings, such as laboratories, hospitals, food processing facilities, and natural environments, and requires trained professionals to manage them safely.

Bloodborne Pathogens is the knowledge and ability to protect oneself and others from potentially infectious materials that may be present in blood and other bodily fluids. This specialized skill involves being aware of the risks associated with exposure to bloodborne pathogens, knowing how to properly handle and dispose of contaminated materials, and understanding the procedures for preventing the spread of infections.

Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms within a host organism, leading to disease. This skill encompasses the understanding of various pathogens, their transmission methods, and the host's immune response. Knowledge of Infection is used to diagnose, treat, and prevent infectious diseases through methods such as vaccination, antimicrobial therapy, and public health interventions. It also involves monitoring and controlling outbreaks to protect community health.

Infection Control refers to the practices and procedures aimed at preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings and the community. This skill encompasses understanding the principles of hygiene, sterilization, and the use of personal protective equipment to minimize the risk of infection transmission. Knowledge of Infection Control is used to implement protocols that safeguard patients, healthcare workers, and the public by effectively managing and mitigating infectious disease outbreaks.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection. The hazards addressed by protective equipment include physical, electrical, heat, chemicals, biohazards, and airborne particulate matter. Protective equipment may be worn for job-related occupational safety and health purposes, as well as for sports and other recreational activities. Protective clothing is applied to traditional categories of clothing, and protective gear applies to items such as pads, guards, shields, or masks, and others. PPE suits can be similar in appearance to a cleanroom suit.