Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are devices that convert continuous analog signals into digital signals that can be processed by digital systems. This process involves sampling the analog signal at regular intervals and quantizing the amplitude of each sample to a specific digital value. Designing and implementing ADCs is a specialized skill that requires a deep understanding of analog circuits, digital signal processing, and programming. ADCs are used in a wide range of applications, including audio and video processing, control systems, and measurement and instrumentation.