Cultural Resource Management refers to the practice of identifying, preserving, and managing cultural resources, including archaeological sites, historic buildings, and traditional landscapes. This skill involves assessing the significance of cultural resources, developing management plans, and ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. Knowledge of Cultural Resource Management is used to protect heritage sites, facilitate responsible development, and promote public awareness of cultural heritage.

Historic Preservation refers to the practice of protecting, conserving, and maintaining buildings, sites, and objects of historical significance. This skill encompasses the assessment of historical value, the application of restoration techniques, and the implementation of preservation policies to ensure the integrity of cultural heritage. Knowledge of Historic Preservation is used to guide projects that aim to restore or rehabilitate historic structures while adhering to legal and ethical standards, thereby contributing to the education and appreciation of history within communities.

Historical Archaeology refers to the study of past human societies through the examination of material remains and written records from historically documented periods. It is used to interpret daily life, cultural change, settlement patterns, trade, and interactions among communities in work such as site investigation, heritage assessment, and research analysis. The skill supports the identification, documentation, and interpretation of archaeological evidence to inform historical understanding and resource management.

National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) refers to the body of requirements and practices used to identify, evaluate, and protect historic properties during planning and project review. It is applied in work that assesses whether proposed actions may affect cultural or historic resources and determines the appropriate consultation and documentation steps. The skill is used to support compliance activities, coordinate reviews with relevant parties, and help preserve historic resources in development and environmental decision making.

Prehistory is the study of human societies and cultures before written records were kept. It requires specialized skills in fields such as anthropology, archaeology, and paleontology to investigate and interpret the remains left by early humans. Key areas of study in prehistory include the development of early human tools, the origins of agriculture, the emergence of complex societies, and the evolution of language and culture. The insights gained from prehistoric studies can help us understand the origins and development of human societies, and shed light on our species' place in the natural world.